Chapter 11 - Bowel

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  Bowel 001 – Functional Bowl Disorders

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  Bowel 002 – Different Models Explain Functional Bowel Disorders

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  Bowel 003 – Functional Bowel Disorders are a Spectrum

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  Bowel 004 – Overlap Between IBS-C and FC

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  Bowel 005 – Overlap Between IBS-C and FC

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  Bowel 006 – Overlap Between IBS-C and FC

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  Bowel 007 – Overlap Between IBS-C and FC or FDr

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  Bowel 008 – Abdominal Bloating and Abdominal Distension

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  Bowel 009 – Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Diagnostic Criteria

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  Bowel 010 – Stool Form Depends on Water Content and Correlates with Transit Time

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  Bowel 011 – IBS Subtypes-Stool Form is the Differentiating Factor

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  Bowel 012 – IBS Patients May Switch From One Subtype to Another

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  Bowel 013 – Pragmatic Issues in IBS

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  Bowel 014 – Usefulness of Individual Symptoms in IBS Diagnosis

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  Bowel 015 – Symptom-based Criteria for the Diagnosis of IBS Perform Poorly

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  Bowel 016 – Diagnostic Criteria Used to Define IBS

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  Bowel 017 – IBS Diagnosis

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  Bowel 018 – History and Physical Examination for Lower GI Symptoms

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  Bowel 019 – History-Clinical Criteria

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  Bowel 020 – Alarm Features for Organic Disorders

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  Bowel 021 – Diagnostic Strength of Red Flags

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  Bowel 022 – Usefulness of Red Flags

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  Bowel 023 – Proposed Pathophysiology of IBS

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  Bowel 024 – IBS-Pathogenesis/Pathophysiology

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  Bowel 025 – Genetic Influences on Intestinal Transit Effect of Mutation

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  Bowel 026 – Conceptual Model of the Development of IBS

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  Bowel 027 – Prevalence of Early Life Trauma in IBS and Healthy Controls

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  Bowel 028 – Interaction Between Rectal Sensory and Motor Function in IBS

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  Bowel 029 – Colonic Transit – IBS Radiopaque Markers

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  Bowel 030 – High-Amplitude Propagated Contractions in Ileum Reflect Power

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  Bowel 031 – Postprandial Jejunal Dysmotility is More Frequent in IBS Patients

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  Bowel 032 – Rectal Barostat Sensory Test in IBS-Sensitivity and Specificity

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  Bowel 033 – The Phenomena of Hyperalgesia and Allodynia

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  Bowel 034 – Colonic Hypersensitivity to Barostat Distension in IBS

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  Bowel 035 – Nutrient and Lactulose Challenge Test in IBS

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  Bowel 036 – Mast Cells Infiltrate and Associate with Nerve Fibers in Colonic Mucosa

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  Bowel 037 – Colonic Mucosal Supernatants from IBS Patients Increase Afferent

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  Bowel 038 – Activation Increased in Limbic Regions Regions and Decreased in Pain

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  Bowel 039 – Meta-Analysis-Differences in Brain Activation in IBS and Healthy Controls

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  Bowel 040 – Differences in Brain Responses to Rectal Distension in Hypersensitive

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  Bowel 041 – Degree of Abdominal Pain in IBS is Associated with Reduced Somatic

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  Bowel 042 – Stress has Central Affects Affecting Mood, Cognition and Perception

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  Bowel 043 – Colonic Distension Postprandially Provokes an Altered Autonomic

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  Bowel 044 – Altered Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Colonic Distension

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  Bowel 045 – Blunted Autonomic Nervous System Response During a Visceral Stressor

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  Bowel 046 – CRF Signaling and Intestinal Inflammation

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  Bowel 047 – Early Adverse Life Events Increase Cortisol Response to Visceral Stressor

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  Bowel 048 – Effect of Infection on Risk of Developing IBS-Meta-analysis

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  Bowel 049 – IBS Developing After Campylobacter jejuni Enteritis is Mostly IBS-D

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  Bowel 050 – Accelerated Gut Transit and Visceral Hypersensitivity in PI-IBS

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  Bowel 051 – Brain and Gut Factors Associated with Developing Postinfectious IBS

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  Bowel 052 – IBS Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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  Bowel 053 – Immune Activity in the Intestinal Mucosa and Blood in Patients with IBS

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  Bowel 054 – Mucosal Immune Activation IBS vs IBD vs Healthy Controls

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  Bowel 055 – Jejunal Mast Cell Hyperplasia and Activation is Present in IBS-D

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  Bowel 056 – Atopy, Increase in Mast Cells, Permeability and Symptoms in IBS

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  Bowel 057 – Sensory Neuro-Immune Interaction in IBS

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  Bowel 058 – Adaptive Immune Activation in IBS Patients

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  Bowel 059 – Adaptive Immune Activation in IBS Patients

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  Bowel 060 – Increased 5-HT Availability in Postinfection IBS

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  Bowel 061 – Mechanisms of Increased Serotonin Availability, Increased 5-HT Release

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  Bowel 062 – Increased Small-Intestine Permeability is Present in Both PI-IBS and IBS

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  Bowel 063 – IBS-Symptoms, Immune and Barrier Function-Relevance of Allergy

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  Bowel 064 – Cross-talk at the Mucosal Barrier

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  Bowel 065 – The Full Circle rRNA Approach

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  Bowel 066 – Integrated Conceptual Framework of the Pathophysiology if IBS

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  Bowel 067 – Index of Microbial Dysbiosis- IBS, Postinfectious IBS

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  Bowel 068 – Phylogenetic Tree Gut Microbiota-IBS vs Controls

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  Bowel 069 – An Irritable Bowel Syndrome Subtype Defined by Species-Specific

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  Bowel 070 – Luminal and Mucosal Colonic Microbiotic and Their Role in Gut

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  Bowel 071 – SIBO-Irritable Bowel Syndrome Lactulose Hydrogen Breath Test

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  Bowel 072 – LHBT Measures Small Intestinal Transit Rather Than SIBO in IBS Patients

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  Bowel 073 – Mild Increases of Small-Bowel Bacteria, but Not Overgrowth

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  Bowel 074 – FODMAPs-IBS

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  Bowel 075 – Factors in Affecting Gut Microbiota

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  Bowel 076 – Nutrient Intake-Functional GI Disorders

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  Bowel 077 – Food Intolerance-IBS Symptoms

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  Bowel 078 – Psychosocial Factors-IBS

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  Bowel 079 – Bile Acid Malabsorption in Persistent Diarrhea

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  Bowel 080 – Increased Bile Acid Synthesis in IBS-D

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  Bowel 081 – Increased Colonic Bile Acid Exposure in IBS “SeHCAT”

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  Bowel 082 – Colonic Bile Acids-IBS

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  Bowel 083 – In a 12 Week Randomized, Controlled Trial Which Included 102 IBS Patients

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  Bowel 084 – Treatment Options for IBS-D

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  Bowel 085 – Impact of Physical Activity on IBS ad IBS Severity Scoring System-IBS Score

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  Bowel 086 – Benefits of a Gluten-free Diet in IBS Patties Without Celiac Disease

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  Bowel 087 – Proposed Mechanisms of Non-Celiac Wheat Sensitivity

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  Bowel 088 – A Low-FODMAP Diet Reduces Symptoms in IBS

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  Bowel 089 – Polyethylene Glycol for IBS-C-Result from an RCT

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  Bowel 090 – Intestinal Chloride Channels

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  Bowel 091 – Lubiprostone for IBS-C-Data from 2 Phase III Trials

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  Bowel 092 – Long-term Efficacy of Lubiprostone-Monthly Responder Rates

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  Bowel 093 – Effects of Guanylate Cyclase-C Receptor Activation

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  Bowel 094 – Linaclotide Phase III Studies in IBS-C-EMA Analysis

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  Bowel 095 – Linaclotide Phase III Studies in IBS-C Trial

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  Bowel 096 – Linaclotide Phase III IBS-C Trial-Harms

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  Bowel 097 – Chenodeoxycholate (CDC) in Female Patients with IBS-C

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  Bowel 098 – Loperamide for IBS with Diarrhea

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  Bowel 099 – Eluxadoline for IBS-D

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  Bowel 100 – Eluxadoline Daily Response- Weeks 0-26

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  Bowel 101 – Eluxodoline-Adverse Events

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  Bowel 102 – Antispasmodics for IBS

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  Bowel 103 – Sustained Release Peppermint Oil Improves IBS Symptoms

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  Bowel 104 – Antidepressant Action in IBS

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  Bowel 105 – Antidepressant for IBS-Clinical Considerations

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  Bowel 106 – Safety Profile of Alosetron

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  Bowel 107 – Alosetron Improves Global Symptoms in Women with Severe IBS-D

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  Bowel 108 – Ondansetron Relieves Loose Stools, Frequency and Urgency in IBS-D

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  Bowel 109 – Bifidobacter Infantis for IBS-Results from Multicenter RCT

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  Bowel 110 – Rifaximin for IBS with Diarrhea

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  Bowel 111 – Re-treatment with Rifaximin in IBS-D

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  Bowel 112 – Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapy for IBS-Acupuncture

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  Bowel 113 – Different Conceptual Ways of Understanding Constipation of Functional

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  Bowel 114 – Functional Constipation

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  Bowel 115 – Stool Form Depends on Water Content and Correlates with Transit Time

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  Bowel 116 – Main Symptoms in Functional Constipation

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  Bowel 117 – Different Conceptual Ways of Understanding Constipation of Functional

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  Bowel 118 – Some Causes of Secondary Constipation

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  Bowel 119 – Some Causes of Secondary Constipation

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  Bowel 120 – Conceptual Categorization of Constipation

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  Bowel 121 – Functional Constipation Can Be Divided into Three Broad Categories

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  Bowel 122 – Functional Constipation Diagnostic Algorithm

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  Bowel 123 – Functional Constipation Diagnosis

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  Bowel 124 – Important Functions That Should be Assessed During Anorectal Digital

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  Bowel 125 – Colonic Transit Study (Hilton Technique)

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  Bowel 126 – Colonic Transit Study (Metcalf Technique)

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  Bowel 127 – Importance of Circadian Rhythm and Feeding in Colonic Motility

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  Bowel 128 – Exercise and Dietary Fiber Associated with Lower Risk of Constipation

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  Bowel 129 – High-Amplitude Propagated Contractions Occur Less Frequently in Slow

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  Bowel 130 – Pancolonic Spatiotemporal Mapping Reveals Regional Deficiencies

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  Bowel 131 – Dysmotility of the Colon and Anorectum Reported in Functional

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  Bowel 132 – Interstitial Cells of Cajal – Slow Transit Constipation

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  Bowel 133 – Mucosal Serotonin Signaling is Altered in Chronic Constipation

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  Bowel 134 – Squatting and Elevating Feet Can Facilitate Defecation

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  Bowel 135 – Osmotic Laxatives-Sugars and Sugar Alcohols

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  Bowel 136 – Osmotic Laxatives-Saline and PEG Laxatives

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  Bowel 137 – PEG for Chronic Constipation

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  Bowel 138 – Stimulant Laxatives-Classification and Mechanism of Action

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  Bowel 139 – Effect of Lubiprostone on Stool Frequency in Chronic Idiopathic

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  Bowel 140 – Linaclotide for Chronic Idiopathic Constipation-Primary Results

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  Bowel 141 – Effect of Elobixibat on Weekly Stool Frequency Over 8 Weeks

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  Bowel 142 – 5-HT4 Agonists

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  Bowel 143 – Prucalopride-Efficacy Across Phase III-IV Studies

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  Bowel 144 – Phase III Studies of Prucalopride for Chronic Constipation-Adverse Events

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  Bowel 145 – Randomized Trial of Dried Plums for Chronic Constipation

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  Bowel 146 – Randomized Trial of Hemp Seed Pill for Functional Constipation

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  Bowel 147 – Functional Diarrhea-Diagnostic Criterion

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  Bowel 148 – Functional Diarrhea Diagnosis

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  Bowel 149 – Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Idiopathic Bile Acids

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  Bowel 150 – Differential Diagnosis for Functional Diarrhea

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  Bowel 151 – Evaluation of functional diarrhea

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  Bowel 152 – Prevalence of idiopathic BA malabsorption in IBS-D (systematic review)

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  Bowel 153 – Potential pathophysiologies for functional diarrhea

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  Bowel 154a – Worldwide prevalence of bloating

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  Bowel 154b – Worldwide prevalence of bloating

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  Bowel 155 – Functional abdominal bloating_distension

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  Bowel 156 – Functional abdominal bloating_distention diagnosis

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  Bowel 157 – Production and absorption of gas in the GI tract

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  Bowel 158 – Impedance plethysmography

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  Bowel 159 – Pathophysiology of bloating

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  Bowel 160 – Abdominal wall dystony associated with bloating

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  Bowel 161 – Impaired viscerosomatic refluxes and abdominal wall dystony associated with bloating

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  Bowel 162 – Functional Abdominal Bloating and Distension

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  Bowel 163 – Treatment options for bloating

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  Bowel 164 – Presumed sites of action for therapeutic agents used to treat bloating

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  Bowel 165 – Differential effects of gas production with FODMAPs

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